Evaluation of Uterus

2D Transvaginal Ultrasound

A transvaginal ultrasound scan is done to check female infertility factors. It is an effective way to check the cervix, uterus, ovaries and the fallopian tubes. During the transvaginal ultrasound scan, a gel lubricated device covered by a condom is inserted in to the women’s vagina. This device produces harmless sound waves that create computer-generated images of the pelvic organs. A transvaginal ultrasound is done to asses the character of the uterine lining as it grows with the growth of follicle during follicular monitoring. Also to assess other uterine pathology like fibroids, adenomyosis, polyps.

3D Ultrasound

The visualization of the pelvis is improvised by use of 3D ultrasound. 3D ultrasound is better to assess the Antral Follicular count( AFC)- Baseline reserve of eggs likely to grow, the uterine cavity and associated uterine malformations, Fibroid mapping- size and distance of fibroids from the inner lining where pregnancy develops after embryo attachment.

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy procedure is done using a thin viewing tool known as hysteroscope to look at the lining of the uterus. The hysteroscope has a light and a camera attached to it, through which the doctor can see the uterus lining on the video screen.

The tip of the hysteroscope is inserted into the vagina and gently moved into the uterus through the cervix.

 

Why is it done?

A hysteroscopy is done in infertile women to:

• Evaluate the uterine lining
• Manage tubal blocks
• Remove intrauterine polyps, fibroids
• Break adhesions in the uterine cavity

 

The Procedure:

Hysteroscopy is a short day care procedure and is done using sedatives or anaesthesia. You will be asked to have an empty bladder before the test. The doctor will insert a lubricated tool, speculum into your vagina, which gently spreads apart the vaginal walls for the doctor to see inside the vagina and the cervix.

The hysteroscope will be placed at the entrance of the vagina and gently moved into the uterus through the cervix. The doctor will then put gas or liquid through the hysteroscope into the uterus for a clearer view of the uterus lining. Video screen may be used by the doctor.

 

The Recovery:

After the Hysteroscopy procedure, you will be monitored in the recovery room for 1-4 hours. Most patients go home on the same day of the procedure and in very rare cases, you may be advised to stay at the facility overnight.

It is normal to have some vaginal bleeding for 1-2 days post hysteroscopy. You may experience slight dizziness, stomach sickness or mild belly pain. These are temporary and should go away in 24 hours.

In case of infertility, Laparoscopy is often performed along with Hysteroscopy as the indication may be.